What are the Components of a Nutritional Assessment?
1. Anthropometric Measurements: These include measurements of weight, height, Body Mass Index (BMI), skinfold thickness, and mid-arm circumference. They help in determining body composition and nutritional status. 2. Biochemical Data: Lab tests such as serum albumin, prealbumin, hemoglobin, and glucose levels provide insight into the patient's nutritional state and organ function. 3. Clinical Data: This involves a thorough physical examination to detect signs of malnutrition, such as muscle wasting, edema, and changes in skin and hair. 4. Dietary History: Nurses gather information about dietary intake, eating habits, food preferences, and any recent changes in diet. This can be done using tools like 24-hour recall, food frequency questionnaires, or food diaries. 5. Environmental Factors: Consideration of socioeconomic status, cultural influences, and access to food resources is essential for a comprehensive assessment.
