1. Malnutrition: Often seen in elderly patients, those with chronic illnesses, or after surgery. It can lead to poor wound healing, increased infection risk, and longer hospital stays. 2. Obesity: Linked to a variety of health issues such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and joint problems. Managing obesity involves a multidisciplinary approach. 3. Micronutrient Deficiencies: Deficiencies in vitamins and minerals like iron, vitamin D, and calcium can cause various health problems. 4. Dehydration: Especially common in the elderly and those with cognitive impairments. It can cause confusion, urinary tract infections, and kidney problems.