If a patient's INR level is outside the target range, immediate action may be required. For low INR levels, increasing the dose of the anticoagulant might be necessary. For high INR levels, the dose might need to be reduced, or additional medications like vitamin K might be administered to help lower the INR. It's also crucial to assess the patient for any signs of bleeding or clotting and to report abnormal levels to the prescribing physician promptly.