A case-control study is a type of observational study commonly used in the field of nursing and healthcare research. In this study design, two groups of participants are selected: one group with the outcome or disease of interest (cases) and another group without the outcome (controls). Researchers then look back retrospectively to compare the exposure levels or risk factors between the two groups. This method is particularly useful for studying rare diseases or conditions and can provide valuable insights into potential causes and risk factors.
