The primary survey is often remembered by the acronym ABCDE:
1. Airway: Ensure that the airway is open and clear. If the patient is conscious, they should be able to speak. If unconscious, additional measures, such as a head-tilt, chin-lift maneuver, may be necessary to secure the airway.
2. Breathing: Assess the patient's breathing by looking, listening, and feeling for breath sounds. Check for the presence of any obstructions or abnormalities like wheezing or stridor.
3. Circulation: Evaluate the patient's circulatory status by checking pulse, skin color, and temperature. Look for signs of bleeding and manage any hemorrhage immediately.
4. Disability: Conduct a quick neurological assessment to determine the patient's level of consciousness using the AVPU scale (Alert, Voice, Pain, Unresponsive).
5. Exposure: Fully expose the patient to check for any other injuries or conditions that might not be immediately apparent, ensuring to maintain their privacy and temperature control.
