What is Surfactant Therapy?
Surfactant therapy involves the administration of exogenous surfactant to patients, primarily neonates, to treat or prevent respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Surfactant is a substance that reduces surface tension in the lungs, aiding in the proper expansion and function of the alveoli.
Role of Nurses in Surfactant Therapy
Nurses play a crucial role in the administration and monitoring of surfactant therapy. Their responsibilities include: Preparing the necessary equipment and medication
Assisting with the intubation procedure
Monitoring vital signs and oxygenation levels
Providing post-administration care
Preparation and Administration
Nurses must ensure that the surfactant is stored correctly and warmed to room temperature before administration. They should also prepare the infant by ensuring adequate sedation and positioning. During administration, nurses provide support to the physician and monitor the infant for any immediate adverse reactions.Monitoring and Care Post-Administration
After surfactant therapy, nurses closely monitor the infant’s
respiratory status, including respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, and blood gas levels. They must be vigilant for signs of complications such as
pneumothorax or
pulmonary hemorrhage. Regular assessments and documentation are crucial for ongoing care.
Common Complications
While surfactant therapy is generally safe, it can have complications. These include:Nurses must be prepared to manage these complications promptly.
Family Education and Support
Educating and supporting the family is another critical role for nurses. Families need to be informed about the procedure, its benefits, potential risks, and the care required post-therapy. Providing emotional support and answering any questions they may have is essential for holistic care.Conclusion
Surfactant therapy is a life-saving treatment for infants with respiratory distress. Nurses play an indispensable role in the successful administration and monitoring of this therapy. Their expertise and vigilance ensure that infants receive the best possible care, leading to improved outcomes.
