A new lump or mass in the breast or underarm.
Changes in breast size or shape.
Pain in any area of the breast.
Skin changes, such as dimpling or puckering.
Nipple discharge that is not breast milk.
Dimpling of the breast skin.
Redness or pitting of the breast skin, resembling the skin of an orange (peau d'orange).
Unusual
rash or scaling on the nipple or breast skin.
Swelling of all or part of the breast.
Breast or
nipple pain.
Swollen lymph nodes under the arm or around the collarbone.
Unexplained weight loss.
Bone pain or fractures.
How Important is Self-Examination?
Self-examination plays a crucial role in early detection. Nurses should educate patients on how to properly perform self-exams, focusing on:
Feeling for lumps or thickened areas.
Observing visual changes in the mirror.
Checking for
nipple discharge or inversion.
New or unusual lumps or masses.
Persistent changes in breast skin or
nipple.
Unexplained pain in the breast or underarm area.
Any nipple discharge, especially if bloody.
Providing a listening ear and empathetic communication.
Offering resources for
counseling and support groups.
Educating about the disease and its treatment options.
Conclusion
Recognizing the signs and symptoms of breast cancer is crucial for early detection and effective treatment. Nurses play a vital role in educating patients, performing assessments, and providing emotional support. Regular screenings and self-examinations are key strategies in the fight against breast cancer.
