What are Universal Precautions?
Universal Precautions are an approach to infection control that treats all human blood and OPIM as if they are known to be infectious for bloodborne pathogens. This includes the use of
gloves, masks, and eye protection when exposure to blood or OPIM is anticipated. Proper hand hygiene and safe injection practices are also part of Universal Precautions.
How Should Sharps be Handled?
Sharps, such as needles and scalpels, pose a significant risk of exposure to bloodborne pathogens. They should be disposed of in
puncture-resistant containers immediately after use. Never recap, bend, or break needles by hand. Employers should provide appropriate containers and ensure they are accessible in areas where sharps are used.
What Should be Done Following an Exposure Incident?
Following an exposure incident, the affected individual should immediately wash the area with soap and water or flush mucous membranes with water. The incident should be reported to a supervisor and documented. A medical evaluation and follow-up should be conducted, including post-exposure prophylaxis if indicated.
How is Training Conducted?
OSHA requires that employees with occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens receive training at the time of initial assignment and at least annually thereafter. The training must cover the ECP, methods of compliance, and procedures to follow in the event of an exposure incident. Training should be tailored to the specific tasks and risks encountered by the nursing staff.
What Role Do Nurses Play?
Nurses play a crucial role in ensuring compliance with the Bloodborne Pathogens Standard. They must adhere to the ECP, use PPE appropriately, dispose of sharps safely, and report any exposure incidents immediately. Nurses should also stay informed about changes in guidelines and participate in ongoing training.
Conclusion
Adhering to the Bloodborne Pathogens Standard is essential for protecting nurses and patients from potentially life-threatening infections. By understanding the requirements and following best practices, nurses can minimize the risk of exposure and maintain a safe healthcare environment.
