The pneumococcal vaccine is designed to protect against infections caused by the bacterium *Streptococcus pneumoniae*. These infections can lead to illnesses such as pneumonia, meningitis, and bloodstream infections. There are two main types of pneumococcal vaccines: PCV13 (Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine) and PPSV23 (Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine).