- Newborn Screening: Conducted shortly after birth to identify genetic disorders that can be treated early in life. - Carrier Screening: Identifies individuals who carry one copy of a gene mutation that, when present in two copies, causes a genetic disorder. - Prenatal Screening: Conducted during pregnancy to assess the risk of certain genetic conditions in the fetus. - Predictive and Presymptomatic Testing: Determines the risk of developing genetic conditions later in life. - Pharmacogenomic Testing: Assesses how an individual's genetic makeup affects their response to medications.