1. First Maneuver (Fundal Grip): This maneuver involves palpating the upper part of the uterus (fundus) to determine which fetal part is present. The nurse can distinguish between the head (which feels round and firm) and the buttocks (which feel softer and irregular).
2. Second Maneuver (Umbilical Grip): The nurse places their hands on either side of the abdomen to locate the fetal back and extremities. The back will feel firm and smooth, whereas the limbs will feel irregular and mobile.
3. Third Maneuver (Pawlik’s Grip): This maneuver focuses on the lower abdomen above the symphysis pubis to identify the presenting part of the fetus. The nurse can determine if the presenting part is engaged in the pelvis.
4. Fourth Maneuver (Pelvic Grip): The nurse faces the mother’s feet and places their hands on either side of the lower abdomen to outline the fetal head and cross-check the previous findings.
