1. Scope of Practice: Defines the procedures, actions, and processes that a nurse is permitted to undertake. 2. Patient Privacy: Governed by laws like HIPAA, ensuring that patient information is kept confidential. 3. Informed Consent: Ensures that patients are fully informed about the treatments they will receive and have agreed to them. 4. Continuing Education: Mandates that nurses engage in ongoing education to stay current with medical advancements and best practices.