Creating a VSM involves several steps: 1. Identify the Process: Choose a specific process within the nursing workflow to analyze, such as patient admission, medication administration, or discharge planning. 2. Map the Current State: Document the existing flow of activities, from start to finish, including waiting times and handoffs. 3. Identify Waste: Look for areas where resources are not used efficiently. Common types of waste in nursing include overproduction, waiting, and motion. 4. Design the Future State: Develop a new map that eliminates waste and improves the flow of activities. 5. Implement Changes: Apply the changes and monitor the results to ensure improvements are sustained.