The process of conducting a literature search can be broken down into several steps:
1. Define the Research Question
A clear and focused research question is the foundation of a successful literature search. Use the
PICO(T) framework (Patient/Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, and Time) to formulate your question.
2. Identify Keywords and Search Terms
Determine the main concepts of your research question and identify relevant
keywords and
synonyms. This will help in retrieving comprehensive and relevant results.
3. Choose Databases and Resources
Select appropriate
databases such as PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar. Each database has its own strengths and focus areas, so using multiple sources can provide a more comprehensive view.
4. Conduct the Search
Use the identified keywords to search the chosen databases. Apply
Boolean operators (AND, OR, NOT) to refine your search and use filters to narrow down the results based on publication date, study type, and other criteria.
5. Evaluate the Results
Critically appraise the retrieved articles for relevance, quality, and reliability. Pay attention to the
study design, sample size, and statistical methods used.
6. Organize and Document Findings
Keep track of your search strategies, databases used, and results obtained. Use reference management tools like
EndNote, Zotero, or Mendeley to organize and cite the literature correctly.
