Conducting a power analysis involves several steps:
Define the Hypothesis: Clearly outline the research question and the expected effect size. Choose the Significance Level: Typically set at 0.05, this is the probability of committing a Type I error. Determine the Effect Size: This is a measure of the strength of the relationship between variables or the magnitude of the difference between groups. It can be estimated from previous studies or pilot studies. Set the Power Level: Commonly set at 0.80 or 80%, this is the probability of correctly rejecting the null hypothesis when it is false. Calculate Sample Size: Using statistical software or power tables, compute the sample size needed to achieve the desired power level.
