Bone density is typically measured using a test called dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA or DXA). This test is non-invasive and measures the density of bones in the hip and spine, which are common sites for osteoporotic fractures. Results are given as a T-score, which compares the patientâs bone density to that of a healthy young adult. A T-score of -1.0 or above is considered normal, between -1.0 and -2.5 indicates osteopenia (low bone mass), and -2.5 or below signifies osteoporosis.
