Hormonal changes can significantly impact a patient's physical and mental health. For instance, during puberty, increased levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone cause the development of secondary sexual characteristics. In pregnancy, a surge in hormones such as progesterone and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) supports fetal development but may also result in symptoms like nausea and fatigue. During menopause, a decline in estrogen can lead to hot flashes, mood swings, and osteoporosis.
