Consistency: It ensures a standardized method of identifying and documenting patient problems, which enhances
communication among healthcare providers.
Comprehensive Care: By systematically addressing all potential patient problems, it ensures that no aspect of care is overlooked.
Improved Outcomes: Accurate problem identification leads to better care plans, which can improve patient
outcomes.
Research and Education: It provides a framework that can be used for nursing research and education, improving overall nursing knowledge and practice.
Domains: These are broad categories that encompass various aspects of patient health, such as
physiological,
psychological, and
sociocultural factors.
Classes: Within each domain, there are specific classes that further narrow down the types of problems. For example, under the physiological domain, classes might include
cardiovascular,
respiratory, and
neurological.
Specific Diagnoses: These are the individual problems identified within each class, such as
acute pain,
ineffective breathing pattern, or
impaired skin integrity.
Examples of Problem Classification Scheme
Let's consider a few examples to illustrate how the PCS works: Domain: Physiological
Class: Cardiovascular
Diagnosis: Decreased cardiac output
Diagnosis: Risk for impaired cardiovascular function
Domain: Psychological
Class: Cognitive
Diagnosis: Acute confusion
Diagnosis: Chronic confusion
How Do Nurses Use the Problem Classification Scheme in Practice?
Nurses use the PCS during the
assessment phase of the nursing process. They gather data through patient interviews, physical examinations, and diagnostic tests. This data is then analyzed to identify any potential problems. Once problems are identified, they are categorized according to the PCS. This categorization helps in formulating a
care plan that addresses all identified issues systematically.
Complexity: The need for thorough and accurate data collection can be time-consuming.
Training: Nurses must be adequately trained to use the PCS effectively, which requires ongoing education and practice.
Adaptability: The PCS must be flexible enough to accommodate individual patient needs, which can sometimes be difficult.
Conclusion
The Problem Classification Scheme is a vital tool in
nursing practice, helping to ensure that patient care is comprehensive, consistent, and effective. By systematically identifying and categorizing patient problems, nurses can develop targeted care plans that lead to improved patient outcomes. Despite its challenges, the PCS remains an essential component of quality nursing care.
