Contraindications for Oropharyngeal Airway
There are specific contraindications for using an OPA, such as: Conscious or semi-conscious patients with an intact gag reflex
Patients with oral trauma or recent oral surgery
Patients with obstructive lesions in the oropharynx
How to Measure and Insert an Oropharyngeal Airway
To ensure the OPA is effective, it must be measured and inserted correctly: Measure the OPA from the corner of the patient's mouth to the angle of the jaw.
Open the patient's mouth using a cross-finger technique.
Insert the OPA with the tip pointing towards the roof of the mouth.
Once past the tongue, rotate the OPA 180 degrees so the tip points down into the pharynx.
Ensure the flange rests against the patient's lips.
Complications and Nursing Considerations
Nurses must be aware of potential complications and take appropriate measures to mitigate them: Risk of
aspiration if the patient has a gag reflex
Potential for oral trauma during insertion
Displacement or incorrect sizing leading to ineffective airway management
Risk of
vomiting and subsequent
aspiration pneumonia Regular monitoring and assessment of the patient's airway status are essential. Ensure the OPA is the correct size and is properly positioned. Always have
suction equipment ready in case of secretions.
Conclusion
The oropharyngeal airway is a critical tool in managing airway patency in certain patient populations. Proper knowledge of indications, contraindications, measurement, insertion, and potential complications is essential for effective
nursing care. By following best practices, nurses can ensure the safety and well-being of their patients while using an OPA.
