- Corneal Abrasions: Scratches on the surface of the eye.
- Chemical Burns: Caused by exposure to harmful chemicals.
- Foreign Bodies: Particles like dust or metal shavings entering the eye.
- Blunt Trauma: Impact injuries that can cause bruising and internal damage.
- Penetrating Injuries: Objects piercing the eye, often requiring surgical intervention.
1. History: Obtain a detailed history of the incident.
2. Visual Acuity: Check the patient's ability to see clearly.
3. Physical Examination: Inspect for visible damage, swelling, or foreign bodies.
4. Pain Assessment: Determine the level and nature of pain.
5. Pupil Reaction: Evaluate the reaction of pupils to light.
- Irrigation: For chemical burns, flush the eye with sterile saline or water.
- Shielding: Protect the injured eye with a shield or cup.
- Pain Management: Administer pain relief as needed.
- Avoid Pressure: Do not apply pressure to the injured eye.
- Refer: Promptly refer to an ophthalmologist for serious injuries.
- Eversion of Eyelids: To inspect and remove foreign objects.
- Use of Cotton Swabs: To gently remove visible particles.
- Referral: For embedded objects, refer to a specialist.
- Follow-Up Appointments: Ensure the patient adheres to follow-up visits.
- Medication Management: Administer prescribed antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, or pain relief.
- Education: Teach the patient about signs of complications and when to seek help.
- Support: Offer emotional and psychological support, especially if the injury impacts vision permanently.
- Infections: Signs include redness, discharge, and increased pain.
- Vision Loss: Any sudden changes in vision should be reported immediately.
- Scarring: Can lead to long-term vision problems.
- Retinal Detachment: Requires immediate medical intervention.
- Protective Gear: Encourage the use of safety goggles in hazardous environments.
- Education: Teach patients and communities about the importance of eye safety.
- Workplace Safety: Advocate for safety protocols in workplaces.
- Regular Eye Exams: Promote regular check-ups to detect and prevent potential issues.
