Indications for Excisional Biopsy
This procedure is typically indicated when: A lump or mass is found and needs to be tested for
cancer.
Previous biopsy results were indeterminate.
There are changes in the characteristics of a known lesion.
Preoperative Nursing Care
Before the procedure, nurses have several responsibilities: Educate the patient about the procedure, including risks and benefits.
Ensure the patient has signed the informed consent form.
Check the patient's medical history for allergies, especially to anesthesia.
Prepare the surgical site by cleaning and possibly shaving the area.
Intraoperative Nursing Care
During the procedure, nurses assist with: Setting up the sterile field and necessary instruments.
Monitoring the patient’s vital signs.
Providing support to the surgeon as required.
Postoperative Nursing Care
After the procedure, nursing care focuses on: Monitoring for signs of complications like infection or bleeding.
Managing pain with prescribed medications.
Educating the patient on wound care and activity restrictions.
Scheduling follow-up appointments for suture removal and biopsy results.
Potential Risks and Complications
While generally safe, excisional biopsy carries some risks: Infection at the surgical site.
Bleeding or hematoma formation.
Adverse reactions to anesthesia.
Scarring.
Patient Education and Support
Patient education is crucial for a successful outcome: Explain the importance of following post-operative care instructions.
Discuss signs of potential complications and when to seek medical help.
Provide emotional support, especially if the patient is anxious about the results.
Conclusion
Excisional biopsy is a critical procedure in diagnosing various conditions, particularly cancer. Nurses play a vital role in ensuring the patient's safety and comfort through all stages of the procedure. From preoperative preparations to postoperative care and education, nursing responsibilities are essential for successful outcomes.
