Position the patient comfortably, preferably in a
supine position.
Observe the chest for any rise and fall, which indicates breathing.
Count the number of breaths for
60 seconds to get the respiratory rate.
Note the
quality of breathing—whether it is shallow, deep, or labored.
If the patient is not breathing, initiate
CPR immediately and call for emergency assistance.
Find a
palpable artery, such as the radial or carotid artery.
Use the pads of your index and middle fingers to feel for the pulse.
Count the beats for 60 seconds to determine the heart rate.
Assess the
rhythm and
strength of the pulse.
A normal pulse rate for adults ranges from
60-100 beats per minute. Any deviation may indicate underlying health issues.
What are Normal Breathing and Pulse Rates?
For a healthy adult, typical respiratory rates range from 12 to 20 breaths per minute, and pulse rates range from 60 to 100 beats per minute. Any significant deviation from these ranges should be further investigated.
What Equipment is Needed?
Generally, no special equipment is needed to check breathing and pulse. However, a
stethoscope can be used to listen to the heart and lung sounds for more detailed assessments. A
watch or a clock with a second hand is useful for timing.
What Should be Done in Case of Abnormal Findings?
Immediate action should be taken if abnormal breathing or pulse rates are detected. This could include calling for emergency medical assistance, starting CPR, or administering
oxygen. Always follow your institution's protocols for handling such situations.
Conclusion
Regularly monitoring breathing and pulse is a fundamental skill for nurses. Accurate assessment helps in the early detection of potential health issues, enabling timely interventions that can save lives. Always ensure to document your findings and report any abnormalities to the appropriate healthcare provider.
