Each cell is encased in a cell membrane, which controls the passage of substances in and out of the cell. Inside, cells contain the following key structures: - Nucleus: This is the control center of the cell, housing the cell's DNA and regulating gene expression. - Cytoplasm: A jelly-like substance where cellular organelles are suspended. - Mitochondria: Known as the powerhouse of the cell, they generate energy through cellular respiration. - Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER): The rough ER is studded with ribosomes and plays a role in protein synthesis, while the smooth ER is involved in lipid synthesis and detoxification. - Golgi apparatus: Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for transport.
