Types of Defibrillators
There are mainly three types of defibrillators:
1.
Automated External Defibrillators (AEDs): Used in public places and designed for use by non-medical personnel.
2.
Manual Defibrillators: Used by healthcare professionals in hospitals; these require the operator to interpret the patient's
cardiac rhythm.
3.
Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators (ICDs): Surgically placed inside a patient who is at high risk for sudden cardiac arrest.
When to Use a Defibrillator
Defibrillators are used in cases of ventricular fibrillation (VF) or pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VT). These are life-threatening arrhythmias that can lead to sudden cardiac arrest if not treated immediately. Nurses must quickly assess the patient's condition and initiate defibrillation if indicated.Steps for Operating an AED
1. Turn on the AED: Most AEDs have a power button or will turn on automatically when the lid is opened.
2. Attach the Pads: Place the defibrillator pads on the patient's bare chest as indicated by the diagrams on the pads.
3. Analyze the Rhythm: The AED will automatically analyze the heart rhythm once the pads are in place.
4. Deliver the Shock: If a shockable rhythm is detected, the AED will prompt you to deliver a shock. Ensure no one is touching the patient and press the shock button.
5. Continue CPR: After delivering the shock, continue CPR until the AED reanalyzes the rhythm or emergency medical personnel arrive.Safety Precautions
- Ensure the patient is not in a
wet environment and that their chest is dry.
- Make sure no one is touching the patient during the shock.
- Avoid placing pads over implanted devices or
piercings.
- Use pediatric pads for children under 8 years old or those weighing less than 25 kg.
Common Challenges
- Pad Placement: Improper placement can reduce the efficacy of the shock.
- User Error: In high-stress situations, even trained professionals can make mistakes. Familiarity with the defibrillator model can reduce errors.
- Battery and Maintenance Issues: Regular checks are essential to ensure the device is functional. Documentation
After using a defibrillator, it’s crucial to document the event meticulously. Include details like the time of the incident, the number of shocks delivered, the patient's response, and any additional interventions performed. Proper documentation is essential for
patient care continuity and legal purposes.
