Introduction to Forearm (Lofstrand) Crutches
Forearm crutches, also known as Lofstrand crutches, are mobility aids designed to assist individuals who have difficulty walking. Unlike traditional axillary crutches, forearm crutches provide support through a cuff that wraps around the forearm, allowing for more freedom of movement and reducing the risk of nerve damage.
Advantages of Forearm Crutches
Forearm crutches offer several benefits over other types of crutches: Enhanced Mobility: They allow for greater mobility and ease of movement, especially on uneven surfaces.
Reduced Risk of Injury: They minimize the risk of nerve damage that can occur with axillary crutches.
Improved Posture: These crutches encourage a more natural posture, reducing the strain on the back and shoulders.
Long-Term Use: Ideal for individuals who require long-term mobility assistance.
Indications for Use
Forearm crutches are recommended for a variety of conditions, including:
Proper Fitting and Adjustment
Proper fitting is crucial for the effective use of forearm crutches. The following steps should be taken to ensure an accurate fit: Measure Height: Ensure the crutches are adjusted to the appropriate height where the elbow is slightly bent (approximately 15-30 degrees).
Adjust Forearm Cuff: The cuff should be placed about 1-2 inches below the elbow and should fit snugly without pinching.
Handgrip Position: Adjust the handgrip so that it aligns with the wrist when the arm is hanging down.
Gait Techniques
Various gait techniques can be employed depending on the individual's condition and comfort level: Two-Point Gait: Move one crutch and the opposite leg forward simultaneously.
Three-Point Gait: Move both crutches forward followed by the weaker leg, then the stronger leg.
Four-Point Gait: Move one crutch forward, then the opposite leg, followed by the other crutch, then the other leg.
Safety Considerations
Safety is paramount when using forearm crutches. Key considerations include: Check Tips: Regularly inspect the rubber tips of the crutches for wear and tear to prevent slipping.
Maintain Balance: Ensure a stable and balanced stance before moving.
Avoid Obstacles: Be cautious of obstacles or uneven surfaces that could cause falls.
Use Handrails: Utilize handrails when available, especially on stairs.
Challenges and Solutions
While forearm crutches offer many benefits, they can also present challenges: Fatigue: Using forearm crutches can be tiring. Ensure adequate rest periods and consider physical therapy to build strength.
Skin Irritation: Prolonged use can cause skin irritation. Use padding or adjust the fit to alleviate discomfort.
Coordination: Learning to use forearm crutches effectively requires coordination and practice. Utilize professional guidance for training.
Conclusion
Forearm crutches are valuable tools in
nursing and rehabilitation, offering enhanced mobility and independence for individuals with various mobility impairments. Proper fitting, appropriate gait techniques, and adherence to safety guidelines are essential for maximizing their benefits and minimizing potential risks. By understanding the advantages and challenges, nurses can provide better care and support to patients using forearm crutches.
