Introduction to Nursing Flashcards
Flashcards are an invaluable tool for nursing students and professionals. They help in quick review, memorization, and understanding of key concepts. Flashcards can cover a range of topics from
anatomy and
physiology to
pharmacology and
clinical procedures.
Vital Signs
Question: What are the normal ranges for vital signs in adults?
Answer: Temperature: 97.8°F to 99.1°F (36.5°C to 37.3°C)
Heart Rate: 60 to 100 beats per minute
Respiratory Rate: 12 to 20 breaths per minute
Blood Pressure: 90/60 mmHg to 120/80 mmHg
Pharmacology
Question: What is the mechanism of action of
beta-blockers?
Answer: Beta-blockers work by blocking the effects of the hormone epinephrine, also known as adrenaline. This results in a decrease in heart rate and blood pressure.
Pathophysiology
Question: What are the common symptoms of
diabetes mellitus?
Answer: Common symptoms include frequent urination, excessive thirst, unexplained weight loss, extreme hunger, sudden vision changes, and fatigue.
Clinical Procedures
Question: How do you perform a proper
hand hygiene?
Answer: Proper hand hygiene involves:
Wetting hands with water
Applying enough soap to cover all hand surfaces
Rubbing hands palm to palm
Rubbing back of each hand with the palm of the other hand
Rubbing palm to palm with fingers interlaced
Rinsing hands with water
Drying hands thoroughly with a single-use towel
Ethical and Legal Considerations
Question: What does
informed consent involve?
Answer: Informed consent involves explaining the procedure or treatment, including its risks, benefits, and alternatives, to the patient and obtaining their voluntary agreement to proceed.
Patient Assessment
Question: What is the purpose of a
head-to-toe assessment?
Answer: The purpose of a head-to-toe assessment is to obtain baseline data about the patient's health, identify any existing problems, and monitor changes in the patient's condition.
Patient Care
Question: What are the key components of
pain management?
Answer: Key components include assessing the intensity, location, and nature of the pain, using appropriate pain relief methods (medications, physical therapy, psychological support), and regularly evaluating the effectiveness of the pain management strategies.
Nutrition
Question: What are the dietary recommendations for a patient with
hypertension?
Answer: Recommendations include reducing sodium intake, eating a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, limiting alcohol consumption, and maintaining a healthy weight.
Conclusion
Flashcards are a versatile and effective study tool for nursing students and professionals. By covering a broad range of topics, they help in reinforcing knowledge and ensuring readiness for clinical practice. Utilizing flashcards can make complex information more manageable and enhance retention, ultimately contributing to better patient care.
