What is Chronic Urticaria?
Chronic urticaria, also known as chronic hives, is a condition characterized by the persistent appearance of raised, itchy welts on the skin that last for six weeks or longer. These welts, also called wheals, can vary in size and may appear anywhere on the body. The exact cause is often difficult to determine, making management a significant challenge in the nursing field.
What are the Causes?
The etiology of chronic urticaria is often idiopathic, meaning the exact cause is unknown. However, potential triggers can include:
What are the Symptoms?
The primary symptom of chronic urticaria is the recurring appearance of itchy welts on the skin. These welts can:
Vary in size
Change shape
Move around the body
Disappear and reappear over time
Other symptoms may include a burning or stinging sensation, and in some cases,
angioedema, which is swelling beneath the skin.
How is it Diagnosed?
Diagnosis of chronic urticaria typically involves a thorough patient history and physical examination. Laboratory tests may be conducted to rule out underlying conditions. These tests can include:
The importance of adhering to prescribed treatments
Identifying and avoiding potential triggers
Using moisturizers to relieve skin irritation
Implementing relaxation techniques to manage stress
Difficulty in identifying the exact cause
Managing patient expectations, especially when the condition is idiopathic
Ensuring adherence to long-term treatment plans
Providing ongoing emotional and psychological support
Conclusion
Chronic urticaria is a complex condition requiring a multidisciplinary approach for effective management. Nurses play a pivotal role in providing care, education, and support to patients, helping them navigate the challenges of living with this persistent and often distressing condition.
