What are Axillary Crutches?
Axillary crutches, commonly referred to as underarm crutches, are mobility aids designed to assist individuals who need support while walking. These crutches are typically used by patients recovering from injuries or surgeries that affect their lower extremities. They help redistribute weight from the legs to the upper body, allowing for safer and more efficient movement.
When are Axillary Crutches Recommended?
Axillary crutches are recommended in various scenarios, including but not limited to:
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Post-surgical recovery: Patients recovering from surgeries on the lower limbs.
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Fractures: Individuals with broken bones in the legs or feet.
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Severe sprains: When weight-bearing on the injured leg is not advised.
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Chronic conditions: Certain conditions like arthritis or foot ulcers may necessitate their use.
A healthcare provider, typically a physician or a physical therapist, will determine the need for axillary crutches based on the patient's condition and mobility requirements.
How to Properly Fit Axillary Crutches?
Proper fitting of axillary crutches is essential to prevent further injury and ensure comfort. Here are the steps to fit them correctly:
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Adjust the height: The crutches should be adjusted so that the top rests about 1-2 inches below the armpits when standing upright.
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Handgrip position: The handgrips should be positioned so that the elbows are slightly bent (about 15-30 degrees) when holding the grips.
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Check for proper alignment: The crutches should form a triangle with the body, with the tips about 2 inches in front and 6 inches to the side of each foot.
How to Use Axillary Crutches Safely?
Using axillary crutches involves a learning curve, but with proper technique, patients can move safely and confidently:
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Weight distribution: Ensure that most of the weight is borne by the hands and arms, not the armpits, to avoid nerve damage.
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Walking: Move both crutches forward simultaneously, then step forward with the injured leg, followed by the healthy leg.
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Stairs: When going up stairs, lead with the healthy leg, followed by the crutches and injured leg. When descending, lead with the crutches and injured leg first.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Several common mistakes can lead to discomfort or injury:
- Bearing weight on armpits: This can lead to nerve damage and discomfort.
- Incorrect height adjustment: Crutches that are too tall or too short can cause balance issues.
- Uneven surfaces: Be cautious on uneven surfaces to prevent falls.Potential Complications and How to Prevent Them
Using axillary crutches incorrectly can lead to complications such as:
- Nerve damage: Prevent this by ensuring armpits are not bearing weight.
- Skin irritation: Use padding on the crutches and ensure proper hygiene.
- Muscle fatigue: Rest regularly and ensure proper technique to distribute weight evenly.Role of Nurses in Managing Axillary Crutches
Nurses play a crucial role in managing the use of axillary crutches:
- Education: Teach patients how to properly use and adjust their crutches.
- Assessment: Regularly assess for signs of improper use or complications.
- Support: Provide emotional and physical support, especially during the initial adjustment period.Conclusion
Axillary crutches are essential mobility aids that can significantly enhance the quality of life for individuals with lower extremity impairments. Proper fitting, usage, and regular monitoring are vital to prevent complications and ensure patient safety. Nurses are pivotal in educating and supporting patients throughout their recovery journey, making the effective use of axillary crutches possible.
