What is Enteral Feeding?
Enteral feeding refers to the delivery of nutrients directly into the digestive tract via a tube. This method is commonly used for patients who have difficulty swallowing or eating by mouth due to various medical conditions.
Indications for Enteral Feeding
Patients may require enteral feeding due to conditions such as
stroke,
cancer,
neurological disorders, or
severe trauma. Enteral feeding ensures that patients receive adequate nutrition when they are unable to consume food orally.
Preparation and Setup
Before administering the feed, it is essential to perform a thorough assessment of the patient. This includes verifying the
tube placement by checking the pH of the gastric aspirate or using imaging techniques. Confirm the prescribed feeding formula and the rate of administration.
Steps to Administer the Feed
Here are the general steps to administer enteral feeding: Wash hands thoroughly and wear appropriate
personal protective equipment (PPE).
Ensure the patient is in an upright position, ideally at a 30-45 degree angle, to reduce the risk of
aspiration.
Check the tube placement as mentioned earlier.
Flush the tube with water to ensure it is patent.
Attach the feeding bag or syringe to the feeding tube.
Administer the feed as per the prescribed rate, which can be continuous or bolus feeding.
Monitor the patient for any signs of discomfort or complications.
Flush the tube with water after feeding to prevent clogging.
Patient Education
Educating patients and their families about enteral feeding is vital. Discuss the importance of hygiene, how to identify complications, and the steps to take if issues arise. Providing written instructions and demonstrations can be very helpful.
Conclusion
Administering enteral feeding is a critical skill in nursing, requiring careful preparation, precise technique, and vigilant monitoring. By following best practices, nurses can ensure that patients receive the necessary nutrition safely and effectively.
